Chalman, S. T., O’Dea, C. J., Renfroe, J., & Saucier, D. A. (in press). It’s a man’s job? An investigation of shifting (masculine) honor expectations for men and women. Personality and Individual Differences, 168.
They found in this article that Masculine Honor Beliefs encourage men to respond aggressively to threats and insults but no previous research had examined whether these expectations extended to women (women are often quite overlooked in this area). We predicted that expectations for women's aggressive responses to threats/insults would be different than that of men.Potentially surprising given the lack of extant literature on the topic, across three studies our results showed that, similarly to men, as participants' masculine honor belief endorsement increased, women were perceived more positively when they responded aggressively to threats and insults. However, unlike men, women were generally not perceived more negatively when they chose not to aggress against an insulting stranger.